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Kuyerekeza kwa polyaluminum chloride yopangidwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana
Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zipangizo zopangira, mtengo, kuyera kwa zinthu ndi madera ogwiritsira ntchito Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) yokhala ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira. Izi ndi kusanthula koyerekeza kutengera njira zopangira:
- Kugawa malinga ndi njira yowumitsa
- Njira yowumitsira ng'oma
Zipangizo zopangira: phulusa la aluminiyamu, slag ya aluminiyamu, gangue ya malasha, mchere ndi zipangizo zina zotsika mtengo.
khalidwe:
- Mtundu wa mvula yachilengedwe: zonyansa zambiri, zinthu zambiri zosasungunuka m'madzi (>2%), aluminiyamu yochepa (pafupifupi 24-28%);
- Mtundu wa fyuluta ya mbale ndi chimango: pambuyo posefa makina, zinyalala zimachepa, kuchuluka kwa aluminiyamu kumawonjezeka (mpaka 28%), zinthu zosasungunuka m'madzi zimakhala zochepa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito: imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokonza zimbudzi zamafakitale, mtengo wotsika koma wabwino kwambiri.
- Njira youmitsira yopopera
Zipangizo zopangira: aluminiyamu hydroxide kapena bauxite yoyera kwambiri.
Zinthu zake ndi izi: aluminiyamu yambiri (>29.5%), zinthu zochepa kwambiri zosasungunuka m'madzi (≤0.3%). Liwiro la kusungunuka mwachangu, yankho lopanda utoto komanso lowonekera bwino, mulingo wa maziko a mchere ndi wowongoka (pafupifupi 50%).
Kugwiritsa ntchito: kumwa Kuchiza Madzi, kupanga zinthu molondola komanso madera ena ofunikira kwambiri.
- Kugawa malinga ndi zipangizo zopangira ndi njira yochitira zinthu
- Njira yothetsera asidi imodzi (njira ya aluminiyamu yachitsulo)
Zipangizo zopangira: tchipisi ta aluminiyamu, phulusa la aluminiyamu ndi zinyalala zina.
Zinthu zake: njira yosavuta, mtengo wotsika, koma mankhwalawa ali ndi zinthu zosafunika zachitsulo cholemera, komanso kukhazikika kosakhazikika.
Njira yoyimira: njira yoyamba ya selo, kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri koma mavuto a dzimbiri akadalipo.
- Njira yosungunula alkali
Zipangizo zopangira: bauxite, sodium aluminate.
Zinthu zake ndi zoyera (zitsulo zolemera zochepa), koma njira yake ndi yovuta, mtengo wake ndi wokwera, ndipo pH yake ndi yokwera.
- Njira yoletsa kulowerera
Njira: aluminiyamu chloride ndi sodium aluminate zimakonzedwa pang'onopang'ono, kenako zimasakanizidwa ndikusinthidwa.
Zinthu zake: zonyansa zochepa, aluminiyamu yambiri komanso mchere wambiri (mpaka 85%), koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera.
- Njira yosungunula asidi ya alum hydroxide
Zipangizo zopangira: aluminiyamu hydroxide yoyera kwambiri.
Zinthu Zake: Yoyenera kupanga PAC yoyera kwambiri (monga PAC yoyera), koma imafuna kutentha kwambiri ndi kupanikizika, mphamvu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
- Njira yosungunula asidi wa mchere (monga bauxite, gangue wa malasha)
Njira: kuphwanya, kuwotcha, kusungunuka kwa asidi ndikusintha digiri yoyambira.
Zinthu zake: zipangizo zopangira ndi zotsika mtengo (monga gangue ya malasha), koma mankhwalawa ali ndi chitsulo chambiri, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza zinyalala zochepa.
- Kuyerekeza zizindikiro zazikulu
| Mtundu wa njira | Aluminiyamu zomwe zili (Al₂O₃) | Mchere (B%) | osasungunuka m'madzi | utoto | malo ogwirira ntchito |
| njira youmitsira ndi kupopera | ＞29.5% | ≈50% | ≤0.3% | Choyera/chowonekera | Madzi akumwa, makampani olondola |
| Chopukutira chopukutira ndi fyuluta ya chimango | ≈28% | 70-85% | pansi | wachikasu | Zimbudzi za boma ndi madzi wamba a mafakitale |
| Kuumitsa kwa roller-kutulutsa kwachilengedwe kwa dothi | 24-26% | 50-80% | ＞2% | Brown / imvi | Zofunikira zochepa pakukonza zimbudzi zamafakitale |
| Njira imodzi yosungunula asidi (phulusa la aluminiyamu) | 28% | Kusinthasintha kwa zinthu kuli kwakukulu | wamtali | Wachikasu/bulauni wakuda | Madzi otayira wamba a mafakitale |
| Njira yosungunula asidi ya aluminium hydroxide | ＞30% | Sinthani kufika pa 90% | Zochepa kwambiri | woyera | Chakudya, mankhwala ndi malo ena oyeretsa kwambiri |
- Malangizo osankha njira
- Malo apamwamba (madzi akumwa, mankhwala): kupopera mankhwala kapena kusungunuka kwa asidi ya aluminiyamu hydroxide ndikwabwino kuti zitsulo zolemera zikhale zochepa komanso kuti zikhale zoyera kwambiri.
- Kukonza zimbudzi za boma/mafakitale:
- Madzi abwino apakati: njira yopangira ng'oma ya mbale ndi fyuluta ya chimango (mtengo wake ndi wokwera);
- Madzi otayira achitsulo oopsa/phosphorous ambiri: njira yochepetsera kapena njira yosungunula ya alkaline (mchere woposa 80%, kulowetsedwa kwamphamvu).
- Mtengo wotsika: njira yosungunula asidi imodzi kapena njira yosungunula asidi wa malasha, koma zonyansa ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa.
Langizo: Mchere ukapitirira 80%, kusintha kwa mphamvu yoyeretsera kumachepa, ndipo pamafunika mgwirizano pakati pa mtengo ndi magwiridwe antchito.
Ubwino wa zipangizo zotsika mtengo ukhoza kukonzedwa mwa kukonza bwino njira (monga kusungunuka kwa asidi m'magawo awiri ndikuwonjezera ufa wa calcium aluminate).
