wodzigudubuza kuyanika polyaluminium chloride

Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) yowuma ndi roller-dry, yomwe ndi flocculant yothandiza kwambiri Kuchiza Madzi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyeretsa madzi komanso poyang'anira madzi otayira. Monga mtundu wolimba wa polyaluminum chloride (PAC), imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yowumitsa ng'oma, zomwe zimapereka zabwino monga kusungira mosavuta komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri. Pansipa ndifotokoza mfundo zazikulu:

1. Matanthauzidwe oyambira ndi mfundo zazikulu

Zouma ndi mipukutu Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) ndi polima yopanda chilengedwe yokhala ndi njira ya mankhwala [Al₂(OH)nCl₆−n]m[Al₂​(OH)n​Cl₆−n​]m​ (kumene nn imayambira pa 1 mpaka 5 ndipo mm imasonyeza kuchuluka kwa polymerization). Yopangidwa ndi kupopera madzi a PAC mu zida zowumitsira ng'oma zotentha kwambiri, imapanga ufa wopepuka wachikasu kapena bulauni kapena granules. Poyerekeza ndi PAC yamadzimadzi yachikhalidwe, mawonekedwe awa ali ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu (nthawi zambiri ≥30% ya alumina) komanso nthawi yayitali yosungira (mpaka zaka 1-2). Ntchito yake yayikulu ndi flocculant, yomwe imayamwa zinyalala mwachangu m'madzi kuti ipange ma floc kuti athetsedwe pambuyo pake. Chodziwika bwino, pansi pa miyezo yamakono yachilengedwe, PAC youma ndi roll-dry yakhala njira ina yabwino kwambiri m'malo mwa mchere wa aluminiyamu wachikhalidwe (monga aluminium sulfate) chifukwa cha zotsalira zake zochepa zachitsulo cholemera komanso mphamvu yabwino kwambiri ya flocculation.

2. Njira yopangira ndi njira

Njira yowumitsa ng'oma ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga PAC yolimba, yomwe imaphatikizapo magawo anayi: kukonzekera zinthu zopangira, polymerization reaction, kuumitsa ng'oma ndi chithandizo chitatha:

●Kukonzekera zinthu zopangira: aluminiyamu bauxite, aluminiyamu hydroxide kapena zinyalala zokhala ndi aluminiyamu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira zosungunula mu hydrochloric acid kuti apange yankho la PAC lamadzimadzi.

●Kupoletsa: Kutentha (80-100°C) ndi pH (3.5-4.5) zimayendetsedwa mu reactor kuti ziume ndi kupoletsa ma ayoni a aluminiyamu kuti apange slurry ya alkaline yambiri (nthawi zambiri 50-70%).

●Kuumitsa ng'oma: matope amakutidwa mofanana pamwamba pa ng'oma yotentha kwambiri (kutentha 150-200°C), ndipo madzi amasanduka nthunzi pozungulira kuti apange pepala lopyapyala, kenako ufa kapena tinthu tating'onoting'ono timapezedwa titaphwanya ndi kuyeretsa.

●Kukonza pambuyo: Chogulitsacho chimaziziritsidwa ndikupakidwa kuti chisapangike ndi kukhazikika.

●Ubwino wa njira imeneyi ndi kusunga mphamvu ndi kugwira ntchito bwino (nthawi yochepa yowuma, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa) komanso kuyera kwambiri kwa zinthu (zodetsa zochepa), komanso palinso zovuta monga ndalama zambiri zogulira zida ndi zofunikira kwambiri zowongolera fumbi. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, njira yopangirayi imapanga pafupifupi 40% ya msika wa PAC wapadziko lonse lapansi, makamaka m'maiko osatukuka (monga China).

3. Zinthu zazikulu ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwake

Makhalidwe a choumitsira ng'oma cha PAC amatsimikizira kuti chimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri poyeretsa madzi, ndipo ubwino wake waukulu ndi monga:

●Kuyenda bwino kwa madzi: kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zambiri komanso kulemera kwakukulu kwa mamolekyulu kumatha kuletsa mphamvu ya colloidal m'madzi mwachangu, kuthamanga kwa mphamvu mwachangu (kuthamanga nthawi 2-3 kuposa mchere wa aluminiyamu wamba), komanso pH yosiyana (5-9).

●Chitetezo cha chilengedwe: ayoni yotsala ya aluminiyamu (

●Kusavuta kusunga: kuchuluka kochepa kolimba, kosavuta kutulutsa madzi, mtengo wotsika woyendera komanso wosungira; m'malo onyowa, ma CD oteteza chinyezi amafunika kuti asadumphe.

●Zoyipa: Mtengo wokwera wopanga (kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri poumitsa); ngati sichigwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, zinthu zochepa (monga mpweya wa hydrogen chloride) zitha kupangidwa, ndipo ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo opumira mpweya. Kawirikawiri, mtengo wake ndi wabwino kuposa PAC yamadzimadzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, makamaka yoyenera madera akutali kapena zomera zazikulu zamadzi.

4. Magawo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito

Kugwiritsa ntchito PAC youmitsira ng'oma n'kofala, makamaka m'magawo otsatirawa:

●Kuyeretsa madzi akumwa: kuchotsa dothi, zinthu zachilengedwe ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'madzi a m'mizinda komanso m'malo oyeretsera madzi akumidzi.

●Kukonza madzi otayira m'mafakitale: kukonza madzi otayira ochokera ku kusindikiza ndi kupaka utoto, kupanga mapepala, migodi ndi mafakitale ena, komanso kukonza bwino zitsulo zolemera ndi zinthu zolimba zomwe zapachikidwa.

●Ntchito zina: kuphatikizapo kuchotsa madzi m'matope (monga chothandizira kuchotsa madzi), kuchotsa mafuta (monga chowonjezera cha madzi obowola), ndi makampani omanga (monga chofulumizitsa).

●M'machitidwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mlingo ukhale 0.1-10mg/L (kutengera mtundu wa madzi), ndipo ukhoza kuwonjezeredwa mwachindunji m'madzi mutasungunuka. Zambiri zowonjezera: Chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa kusowa kwa madzi padziko lonse lapansi, kufunikira kwa PAC yowumitsa ng'oma m'mapulojekiti ogwiritsiranso ntchito madzi komanso osatulutsa madzi kukuwonjezeka, ndipo msika ukuyembekezeka kukula ndi 8% pachaka mu 2025.

Monga wothandizira wobiriwira wochizira madzi, ng'oma yowumitsa polyaluminum chloride imaphatikiza magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, chitetezo komanso ndalama, ndipo ndi yoyenera makamaka pama projekiti akuluakulu amakampani ndi a boma.