Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwa polyaluminum chloride pochiza zimbudzi?

Mu mankhwala ochotsa zinyalala, Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, koma njira zina zotsatirazi zitha kuganiziridwa pazochitika zinazake (monga kuchepetsa zotsalira za aluminiyamu, kusintha kuti madzi azitentha bwino kapena kukonza mtengo wake):

Ⅰ. NJIRA ZOSAVUTA

Polyferric sulfate (Pfs)

● Ubwino: Kusinthasintha kwambiri ku malo otentha (kogwira ntchito pa 4℃), liwiro lofulumira la kusefukira kwa madzi, palibe chiopsezo cha ayoni yotsalira ya aluminiyamu, yoyenera kutsukidwa m'madzi akumwa;

● Zochitika zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito: madzi otayirira okhala ndi dothi lalikulu, madzi otayirira okhala ndi mafuta ambiri ndi madera omwe amafunikira kuwongolera kwambiri aluminiyamu (monga malo ogwirira ntchito zamadzi);

●Mtengo: 30-50% yocheperako poyerekeza ndi PAC mu mlingo, komanso ntchito yabwino yochotsa madzi m'matope.

Aluminium iron polychloride (PAFC)

● Zinthu Zake: Kuphatikiza ndi ubwino wa mchere wa aluminiyamu ndi mchere wachitsulo, duwa la alum ndi laling'ono kwambiri, liwiro la sedimentation ndi lachangu, loyenera madzi otayira kwambiri/otentha pang'ono;

● Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: madzi otayira m'mafakitale (monga kusindikiza ndi kuyika utoto, kupanga mapepala), kutentha kochepa komanso madzi otsika kutayira.

Zinthu zachilengedwe zosapangidwa ndi chilengedwe

● Aluminiyamu sulfate: mtengo wotsika, koma mphamvu ya flocculation ndi yofooka kuposa PAC, iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi coagulant yothandizira;

● Laimu (CaO): imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha pH ndikuchotsa phosphorous, koma matope amapangidwa kwambiri, kotero amafunika kuphatikizidwa ndi zinthu zina.

II. Njira Zina Zachilengedwe ndi Zosakaniza

Polyacrylamide (PAM)

● Ntchito: Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chothandizira kuphatikizika kwa madzi pamodzi ndi PAC. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito yokha, iyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi ubwino wa madzi (cationic/PAM pochotsa madzi oundana);

● Zoletsa: Sizingalowe m'malo mwa ntchito yolumikizirana ya PAC, ndipo imafunika kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zinthu zopanda chilengedwe.

Chosakaniza chophatikizana

● PFS+PAM/PAM yosinthidwa: kukonza bwino ntchito yoyeretsa madzi otayira okhala ndi mafuta ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala onse;

● Chitosan/gelatin yopangidwa ndi flocculant yachilengedwe: yoyenera kukonzedwa ndi madzi otayira chakudya, chitetezo champhamvu koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera.

Ukadaulo watsopano wa patent

● Kudzaza kwa maginito + kuchepetsa kwa PAC: mphamvu ya kulowetsedwa ndi photocatalytic imakulitsidwa pokweza iron oxide, ndipo kuchuluka kwa PAC kumachepetsedwa ndi oposa 30%.

Ⅲ. Njira zina zapadera zogwirira ntchito

Mankhwala ochepetsa kutentha

● Mchere wa laimu kapena calcium: njira yochotsera phosphorous pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, koma ingapangitse kuti madzi akhale olimba;

● Mchere wachitsulo (monga PFS): kuchotsa phosphorous ndi zitsulo zolemera nthawi imodzi, bwino kuposa mchere wa aluminiyamu.

Kusintha mtundu ndi kuwonongeka kwa COD

● Chotsukira utoto chapadera + ferrous sulfate: chopaka utoto m'madzi otayira, m'malo mwa ntchito ya PAC yotsukira utoto.

Ⅳ. Malangizo a njira zina

nkhani ziyenera kusamalidwa:

● Musanalowe m'malo, mlingo wabwino kwambiri ndi pH ziyenera kudziwika kudzera mu mayeso oyendetsa (mwachitsanzo, PFS ndi yoyenera pH 4-11, PAC ndi 5-8);

● Zotsalira za zinthu zopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu (monga PAC ndi PAFC) ziyenera kuyesedwa, makamaka m'madzi omwe ali ndi vuto la chilengedwe;

● Chosakanizacho chingawonjezere kuchuluka kwa matope, kotero njira yochepetsera madzi m'thupi iyenera kukonzedwa bwino.