Mabda'a iyo codsiga polyaluminium chloride (PAC) sida wax ku oolnimada sare ee wakiilka ka saarida fluoride

1. Mabda'aiyo habka kiimikada ee ka saarista fluoride

Polyaluminum chloride(PAC) waa unug polymer-ka aan organic, ka saaristeeda fluoride-ka waxaa inta badan lagu xaqiiqsadaa labada hab ee soo socda:

Chemisorption: PAC waxay ku milmeen biyaha la sii daayay aluminium aluminium (Al³), oo lagu daray fluoride ion (F) si ay u sameeyaan hydrofluoric acid (HF) dhexdhexaad ah, ka dibna waxay sii samaysmeen roobab aluminium fluoride ah (AlF ₃).

Saamaynta roobabka wada-jirka ah: kolloid-ka aluminium hydroxide ee ay dhaliso PAC hydrolysis waxay dahaadhaa ion-ka fluorine ee bilaashka ah iyada oo loo marayo xayeysiinta dusha sare iyo qabashada mesh, oo ugu dambeyntii ka saarta kala soocida dareeraha adag.

2. Codsixaaladaha iyo saamaynta

DhulkaSifaynta BiyahaMeelaha fluoride sare (fiirsashada fluoride> 1.5 mg/L), PAC waxay yarayn kartaa maadada fluoride heerka heerka biyaha la cabbo ee qaranka (

Daawaynta biyaha wasakhda warshadaha: ku habboon biyaha wasakhda kiimikada leh ee fluorine-ku-jirta (sida semiconductor, warshadaha etching galaas), waxaa lagu dari karaa walxaha kale ee fogeeya fluoride (sida milixda calcium) si loo hagaajiyo waxtarka.

Nidaamka biyaha ee dawladda hoose: sidii hore-u-daaweyn ama isku-xidhka daawaynta qoto-dheer, si loo hubiyo badbaadada biyaha la cabbo, gaar ahaan jiilaalka woqooyi, heerkulka biyaha waa in lagu xakameeyaa> 20 ℃ si loo ilaaliyo falcelinta.

3. xuduntafaa'iido

Waxtarka sare: Marka la barbar dhigo milix dhaqameedka aluminium (sida aluminium sulfate), PAC waxay leedahay cufnaanta lacag badan iyo xawaaraha qulqulka degdega ah, iyo waxtarka ka saarista fluorine waxaa lagu kordhiyey 30% isla qadar isku mid ah.

Dhaqaalaha: kharashka daawaynta ayaa ka hooseeya 40% ka hooseeya alumina firfircoon, rodol osmosis iyo teknoolajiyada kale, loomana baahna qalab adag.

La qabsiga ballaaran: pH Codsi ballaaran oo kala duwan (5.0-9.0), waxay si isku mid ah uga saari kartaa turbidity, biraha culus iyo wasakhaha kale.

4. IsticmaalQodobbada muhiimka ah oo isticmaal jihada hagaajinta

Ku dar xakamaynta: waxaa lagu talinayaa in la go'aamiyo saamiga quudinta ugu fiican (sida caadiga ah 11-13kg / kun tan oo biyo ah) iyada oo loo marayo tijaabinta basbaaska, iyo isticmaalka xad-dhaafka ah waxay keeni kartaa hadhaaga aluminium xad dhaaf ah.

Hagaajinta xaaladaha falcelinta: qiimaha pH ayaa ugu fiican 6.5-7.6, heerkulkuna wuu ka hooseeyaa 20 ℃ marka heerkulku kordho.

Horumarinta habka isku dhafan: CaF ₂ -AlF ₃ nidaamka roobabka labanlaaban ayaa la samayn karaa marka lagu daro milixda calcium (sida lime), iyo heerka ka saarista fluoride wuxuu gaari karaa in ka badan 95%.

5. Deegaankailaalinta iyo qiimaha dhaqaale

Iyada oo ah walxaha muhiimka ah ee ilaalinta deegaanka ee lagu dhiirrigeliyay 14-aad muddada Qorshaha Shanta Sano, PAC waxay yaraynaysaa halista fluorosis waxayna kor u qaadaysaa horumarinta warshadaha daaweynta biyaha ee jihada qiimaha jaban iyo isticmaalka tamarta yar. Wax-soo-saarkeeda baaxadda weyn (wax-soo-saarka sannadlaha gudaha ee in ka badan 180,000 tan) iyo cusboonaysiinta tignoolajiyada (sida geeddi-socodka alaabta ceeriin ee aluminium hydroxide) ayaa sii xoojinaya booska ugu sarreeya suuqa.

Iyada oo loo marayo habab badan oo ficil ah iyo ku habboonaansho ballaadhan, polyaluminum chloride wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah xalalka ugu dhaqsaha badan uguna waxtarka badan ee ka saarista fluoride. Iyada oo la adeegsanayo wax ka beddelka nano-beddelka iyo tignoolajiyada kale ee mustaqbalka, waxqabadkeeda ayaa la filayaa inuu gaaro horumar weyn.