Mokhoa oa tlhahiso ea polyaluminium ferric chloride (PAFC)

Ho latela litokomane tse teng tsa tekheniki le ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso, ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea polyaluminium ferric chloride (PAFC) e akaretsoa ka tsela e latelang:

 

I. Kakaretso ea mekhoa ea tlhahiso

1. Ho qhibiliha ha asiti mohato o le mong

• Lisebelisoa tse tala: molora oa aluminium, slag ea aluminium, bauxite, ore ea tšepe le liminerale tse ling tsa tšepe tsa aluminium.
• tatellano ea tšebetso:
• ① Lintho tse tala tse silafetseng ho fihlela ho 40-60 mesh → ② e kopantsoeng le hydrochloric acid/sulfuric acid (maemo: 80-100℃,3-5 atmospheres) → ③ e kentse molora o phahameng oa alumina ho lokisa polymerization → ④ karohano ea pula → ⑤ mokelikeli o omileng kapa sehlahisoa sa moqomo
• Likarolo: theko e tlase, karabelo e potlakileng, empa litšila tse boima tsa tšepe li hloka ho laoloa ka thata

2. Alkali neutralization mokhoa

• Lisebelisoa tse tala: aluminium hydroxide, sodium aluminate, joalo-joalo
• tatellano ea tšebetso:
• ① Aluminium molora o kopana le NaOH ho hlahisa sodium aluminate → ② neutralization ka hydrochloric acid → ③ polymerization → ④ mahloriso le ho omisa
• Likarolo: bohloeki ba sehlahisoa bo phahame, empa mokhoa ona o rarahane 'me litšenyehelo li phahame

3. Mokhoa oa ho qhibiliha ha calcination-acid (mokhoa oa lisebelisoa tse tala)

• Lisebelisoa tse tala: bauxite, gangue ea mashala, kaolin e nang le mashala, joalo-joalo
• tatellano ea tšebetso:
• ① Ho pshatleha ha tšepe → ② calcination 500-800℃ → ③ ho qhibiliha ha asiti (hydrochloric acid/sulfuric acid) → ④ pH phetoho polymerization → ⑤ pula e omisang
• Likarolo: sekhahla se phahameng sa tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse tala, tse loketseng mocheso o tlase le turbidity e tlase Phekolo ea Metsi

4. Mokhoa oa ho belisa oa pyrolysis

• Lintho tse tala: crystalline aluminium chloride
• tatellano ea tšebetso:
• ① Crystalline aluminium chloride e bolisoa ke ho futhumatsa → ② Thepa e tala e entsoe polymer ka ho eketsa metsi → ③ Ho tiisa le ho omisoa
• Likarolo: ts'ebetso e bonolo, empa litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa thepa e tala

5. Electrolysis

• Molao-motheo: electrolysis ea tharollo ea aluminium chloride, poleiti ea aluminium ke anode, tšepe e sa hloekang / koporo ke cathode.
• Likarolo: boleng bo phahameng ba alkalinity le aluminium, bo loketseng ho lokisoa ha lihlahisoa tse phahameng tsa bohloeki.

 

Lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa ts'ebetso le lisebelisoa

1. 1. Maemo a karabelo ea ho qhibiliha ha asiti:

• mocheso: 80-100 ℃
• Khatello: 3-5 atmospheres
• Nako ea karabelo: lihora tse 2-6

1. 2. molaoli oa polymerization:

• Hangata e sebelisoa e phahameng alumina molora, khalsiamo aluminate phofo ho lokisa letsoai le tšepe aluminium karo-karolelano

1. 3. Mokhoa oa ho omisa:

• Lihlahisoa tsa metsi: polokelo e tobileng kapa mahloriso.
• Lihlahisoa tse tiileng: ho omisa ka ho fafatsa (ho sebetsa hantle haholo) kapa ho omisa meropa (e loketseng likhoebo tse nyane)

1. 4. kopo ea setsi:

• Mochine o thibelang ho bola, tanka ea sedimentation, mochini oa sesefa, tora ea ho omisa

 

3. Lisebelisoa tse tala le ho ntlafatsa foromo

1. 1. Taolo ea karo-karolelano ea aluminium le tšepe:

• Karo-karolelano ea Fe / Al e ama ka ho toba phello ea flocculation, eo ka kakaretso e laoloang ho 1: 3-1: 5

1. 2. Mohlala o tloaelehileng oa foromo:

• Bauxite 14-18%, hydrochloric acid 35-42%, high alumina molora 8-10%, metsi 30-45% (acid tharollo)
• Gangue ea mashala + phofo e khubelu ea tšepe (Fe₂O₃ content 5-15%), fetola pH ho 2-4

 

4. Tšireletso ea tikoloho le taolo ea boleng

1. 1. Ho tlosa litšila:

• Masalla a tlosoa ka sedimentation filtration ho qoba litšepe tse boima tse feteletseng

1. 2. ho lahla litšila:

• Mokelikeli oa litšila oa asiti o lokela ho fokotsoa pele o tsoa

1. 3. maemo a sehlahisoa:

• Ho latela maemo a GB3151-82 le GB5749-85, lihlahisoa tsa boemo ba metsi a nooang li lokela ho laola letsoai le masala a arsenic le mercury.

 

V. Litlhahiso tsa ho ikamahanya le maemo ho sebelisoa

• Mocheso o tlase oa kalafo ea metsi a litšila: mokhoa oa ho qhibiliha oa alkaline kapa mokhoa oa ho halika o khothaletsoa ho matlafatsa botsitso ba flocculation.
• Metsi a litšila a indasteri (joalo ka ho hatisa le ho daea, ho etsa pampiri): khetha lihlahisoa tsa motsoako oa asiti tse nang le tšepe e ngata.
• Ho noa Tlhoekiso ea Metsi: Ntho ea pele e fanoa ho electrolysis kapa ts'ebetso e phahameng ea bohloeki ba liminerale tse tala.
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