indlela yokuvavanya umxholo we-ferric sulfate engamanzi e-polymerized

Iindlela zokufumanisa ulwelo I-Polyferric Sulfate umxholo ushwankathelwe, owahlulwe ngokwamaqela amathathu: ukufunyanwa kwesalathisi esingundoqo (umxholo wesinyithi uwonke kunye nesiseko setyuwa) kunye neendlela ezincedisayo ezisekelwe kwimigangatho yesizwe kunye nobuchwepheshe obusetyenziswa rhoqo kushishino:

I. Ukufunyanwa komxholo wentsimbi iyonke (uluhlu oluphambili)

1. Indlela yePotassium dichromate titration (indlela yesizwe yokugweba esemgangathweni)

1. Umgaqo: Kwindawo ene-asidi, i-tin chloride isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa i-Fe³⁺ ibe yi-Fe²⁺, kwaye i-tin chloride engaphezulu isuswa yi-mercury chloride, ize emva koko i-potassium dichromate ibekwe kwindawo emfusa.

Inyathelo lesi-2:

3.① Thatha isampuli ye-1.5g + amanzi angama-20ml + i-hydrochloric acid engama-20ml (1:1) → bilisa umzuzu omnye;

4.② Yongeza isisombululo se-stannous chloride ukuze umbala otyheli unyamalale → uphole ngokukhawuleza;

5.③ Yongeza isisombululo se-5ml se-mercury chloride esigcweleyo → yima umzuzu o-1;

6.④ Yongeza amanzi angama-50ml + i-10ml ye-sulfur phosphorus mixed acid + amathontsi ama-4~5 e-sodium dianilatesulfonic acid → titrate kunye ne-potassium dichromate ide ibe mfusa (imizuzwana engama-30 ayitshintshi).

7. Ukubala: umxholo wentsimbi iyonke (%) = (V × C × 05585 × 100) / m

8.(V: umthamo we-titration, C: uxinzelelo lwe-potassium dichromate, m: ubunzima besampuli)

9. Qaphela: I-mercury chloride inetyhefu kwaye ulwelo olungcolileyo kufuneka lulahlwe ngokwemigaqo.

2. I-Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS)

1. Umgaqo: Emva kokuba isampuli inyibilikisiwe, iiathom zesinyithi zifunxa ukukhanya okubonakalayo kobude be-wavelength kwaye zilinganiswa ngokufunxa.

Inyathelo lesi-2:

3.① Isampuli inyibilikiswa kwi-asidi enyibilikisiweyo (umz., i-hydrochloric acid) → isihluzi kwaye inyibilikiswe;

4.② Indlela egobileyo eqhelekileyo yokufumanisa ukufunxwa.

5. Iingenelo: ukuchaneka okuphezulu (±1%), kunokulinganisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentsimbi ngaxeshanye.

3. Indlela yokufunxwa kwePotassium permanganate (ukunciphisa ukubonwa kwezinto)

1.Ukusetyenziswa: Ukufunyanwa komxholo we-Fe²⁺ (kuchaphazela ukuchaneka kwentsimbi iyonke).

2. Inyathelo: Isampulu + i-sulfuric acid/i-phosphorus acid → i-titrate ene-0.01mol/L ye-potassium permanganate ukuya kwindawo ebomvu.

Ⅱ. Ukuchonga isiseko setyuwa (izalathisi ezibalulekileyo ezincedisayo)

Umgaqo: I-Hydrochloric acid iyayisusa ipolymer kwisampuli, i-potassium fluoride igquma i-ion yesinyithi, kwaye i-sodium hydroxide isusa i-asidi ekhululekileyo.

Amanyathelo asemgangathweni kazwelonke (GB/T14591-2016):

1.Thatha isampuli ye-1.2~1.3g + isisombululo esiqhelekileyo se-hydrochloric acid esingama-25ml → yishiye kubushushu begumbi imizuzu eli-10;

2. Yongeza isisombululo se-potassium fluoride esiyi-10ml (imaski ye-Fe³⁺) → Yongeza amathontsi ama-5 e-phenolphthalein;

3. Thambisa nge-sodium hydroxide ibe ngumbala obomvu okhanyayo (imizuzwana engama-30 ngaphandle kokuphela).

4. Ukubala: Inqanaba elisisiseko (%) = [(V0-V) × C × 017 × 100] / (m × umxholo wesinyithi%)

5.(V0/V: ivolumu ye-titration engenanto/isampulu, C: uxinzelelo lwe-NaOH)

III. Iindlela zoncedo olukhawulezileyo

1. Indlela yokudibanisa uxinano

3. Imeko yesicelo: uqikelelo olukhawulezileyo kwindawo yemveliso.

4.sebenza:

5.① Ubushushu obungaguqukiyo (20±1℃) bulinganisa isampuli kwi-densitometer;

6.② Xa uxinano lungaphezulu okanye lulingana ne-1.45g/cm³, umxholo wentsimbi iyonke umalunga ne-11.5%; ukuba ungaphantsi kwe-1.3g/cm³, awufanelekanga.

7. Imida: Kufuneka ilinganiswe nge-titration.

Ukufunyanwa kwe-2.pH

8. Umgangatho: I-pH yesisombululo samanzi esiyi-1% kufuneka ibe yi-2 ~ 3 (umgangatho weSizwe GB/T14591-2016).

IV. Amanqaku

1. Ukulinganiswa kwe-reagent: I-titrant (efana ne-potassium dichromate, i-sodium hydroxide) kufuneka ilinganiswe kwangaphambili.

2. Ukususwa kokuphazamiseka:

9. Xa inqanaba lesiseko lingaphezulu kwe-16%, kulula ukwenziwa kwee-precipitates ze-iron hydroxide, ngoko ke ulawulo lwe-asidi kufuneka lube ngqongqo;

10. I-Arsenic, i-lead kunye nezinye iintsimbi ezinzima zifunyanwa nge-atomic absorption spectrometry.

3. Ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo:

11. Inyathelo lokubila le-hydrochloric acid kufuneka lenziwe kwi-fume hood;

12. I-Mercury chloride yinto enobuthi kakhulu, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iindlela ezingenayo i-mercury (ezifana nendlela ye-titanium trichloride).

cebisa

● Ukubaluleka kokuchaneka: khetha indlela ye-potassium dichromate (i-iron iyonke) okanye indlela ye-AAS (ngokuvumelana nomgangatho we-ISO);

● Uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo: indibaniselwano yendlela yoxinano kunye nendlela ye-pH;

● Ulawulo olupheleleyo lomgangatho: ukufunyanwa kwetyuwa ngaxeshanye (8% ~ 16% yeyona ifanelekileyo) kunye neentsimbi ezinzima.